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Spirometry is a technique whereby it is analyzed under controlled circumstances the absolute magnitude of the quantity of air in the lungs and how it is distributed within them (lung volumes) and the speed with which they are moved by air (air flow). An exploration that provides accurate diagnosis of obstruction to the movement of air through the bronchi (air flow limitation), a condition without which it can make the diagnosis of COPD, and also allows us to define its severity and monitor its evolution.

The measurement of these data is through a complex apparatus designed for this purpose. There are two types of apparatus to perform spirometry:

1. Spirograph or spirometers: are designed to measure volumes. They consist of a party which collects the air (like a bellows or bell-shaped water seal) and a graphics printing system mounted on a stand that moves to the desired speed. The latest are coupled to a computer that processes the signal, and even derive the value of airflow from the measured volume.
2. Pneumotachograph: are designed to directly measure air flow. They are devices capable of translating the pressure difference between its ends, to flow. Subsequently, the electronic integration of flow value obtained gives the volume mobilized. The team is completed by a printing system. Today, these teams tend to attach to a PC that often runs as a Windows operating system. Compact has been achieved while there are laptops.

To perform spirometry, the patient simply has to follow the coach and try to cooperate as best as possible without getting nervous.

To ensure an acceptable result, blow maneuver must be performed immediately after making a maximal inspiration, with an effort to blow up and trying to empty the lungs as much air as possible. The move should have a rapid onset and a graphic representation must be a continuous curve and gentle slope.

To achieve good results, it carefully explained the procedure to the patient, making sure it is sitting upright and sitting with his feet firmly planted on the ground. It is recommended the patient’s nasal occlusion with a clamp and is encouraged to:

• Exhale completely.
• Adjust the lips to the mouthpiece and not the tape with his tongue.
• Breathe out as fast and hard as you can, until the lungs are completely empty.
• Vacuum the air again as deep and strong as possible.